What does the term "eschatology" refer to in religious studies?

The term "eschatology" specifically refers to the study of last things, particularly concerning topics such as the end of the world, Judgment Day, death, and the afterlife. This area of study investigates beliefs about what happens at the end of life and how various religions conceptualize ultimate realities and destinies of humanity.

Understanding eschatology helps in exploring how different religious traditions interpret the concepts of salvation, resurrection, and eternal life. It also examines the expectations surrounding the apocalypse or the end of time as envisioned by different faiths. This focus on 'last things' makes it a critical component in the study of comparative religions, particularly when discussing differing views on mortality and divine reconciliation.

The other options—studying ancient rituals, prayer practices, or sacred texts—while significant components of religious studies, do not encapsulate the essence of eschatology, which is distinctly centered on eschatological themes.