What philosophical approach emphasizes metaphysics to explain reality?

The premodern worldview is characterized by a strong reliance on metaphysical principles to understand and explain reality. This approach often incorporates religious or spiritual dimensions, viewing the universe as infused with meaning and purpose beyond mere physical existence. In premodern philosophies, reality is often seen as a manifestation of a higher power or ultimate reality, leading to interpretations that seek to explain the world through divine or metaphysical frameworks. Philosophers and theologians of this era typically focused on questions of existence, purpose, and the nature of the divine, using metaphysical inquiry as a primary tool.

In contrast, modern secularism tends to prioritize empirical and scientific methods as means to understand reality, often sidelining metaphysical considerations. Postmodern thought, meanwhile, challenges the very premises of absolute truths and metaphysical explanations, advocating for relativism and subjective experiences instead. Lastly, counterculture interest reflects social movements often focused on reactions against dominant cultural norms, and while it may involve philosophical questioning, it does not primarily emphasize metaphysical exploration as the premodern worldview does.