What positions itself against the influence of both church and state to create an ideal society?

Liberalism positions itself against the influence of both church and state as it advocates for individual freedoms and rights, emphasizing the separation of religious and governmental institutions. This philosophical approach seeks to establish a society where citizens can freely express their beliefs without being controlled or influenced by religious authorities or state power. The idea is that an ideal society would allow for diverse viewpoints and maintain a neutral stance on religious matters to protect the rights of all individuals, promoting a more inclusive and progressive environment.

In contrast, fundamentalism generally emphasizes a strict adherence to specific religious beliefs and often advocates for a greater role of religion in public life, which can lead to a merging of church and state in opposition to liberal ideals. Polytheism and henotheism, while they describe different ways of understanding divine beings, do not specifically address the relationship between church and state or the creation of an ideal society in the context of governance and individual rights.