Which text contains profound moral and philosophical teachings in Hinduism?

The Bhagavad Gita is often regarded as a central text containing profound moral and philosophical teachings within Hinduism. This scripture takes the form of a dialogue between Prince Arjuna and Lord Krishna, who serves as his charioteer and divine guide. Throughout their conversation, the Gita explores important concepts such as duty (dharma), righteousness, the nature of the self, and the pursuit of spiritual knowledge.

The text addresses the moral dilemmas faced by Arjuna on the battlefield, providing insights into the complex nature of ethical decision-making. It emphasizes the importance of performing one's duty according to one's role in society while remaining detached from the fruits of action. This concept of selfless action not only influences individual behavior but also contributes to the broader understanding of how to live in accordance with cosmic order.

In contrast, while the Upanishads delve into philosophical questions about the nature of reality and the self, they do not provide the specific narrative context and ethical guidance found in the Gita. The Rigveda consists primarily of hymns and rituals, serving a more liturgical function than that of ethical instruction. The Ramayana, while rich in moral lessons through its epic narrative of the life of Rama, focuses more on the heroic journey and the ideal characteristics