Who is associated with the concept that affirms the existence of many gods without prioritizing one over the others?

The concept of polytheism is characterized by the belief in and worship of multiple gods and recognizes each deity as distinct and significant. In polytheistic systems, no single god is prioritized over the others; instead, many gods are integrated into the spiritual and religious practices of the adherents. This allows for a diverse and rich tapestry of beliefs where various deities can represent different aspects of life, nature, or human experience.

In contrast, henotheism acknowledges the existence of many gods but emphasizes devotion to one particular god above the others. Theistic beliefs generally focus on the existence of a god or gods and often imply that these beings are involved in the world; however, the term itself does not specifically address the plurality or hierarchy among deities. Nontheistic perspectives might reject the notion of gods altogether, focusing instead on philosophical or ethical systems without divine beings. Thus, polytheism is distinct for its inclusive acknowledgment of multiple gods without privileging one over the others, making it the correct answer in this context.